Overview of the Country

Background:

  • Official name: Republic of Chad 1
  • Capital: N'Djamena 1
  • Location: Central Africa 1
  • Official languages: French and Arabic 1
  • National languages: 4 1
  • Population: 18,278,568 (2023) 2
  • Gross Domestic Product (GDP): US$ 13.15 Billion (2023) 3
  • GNI per capita, PPP (current international $): 1,940 (2023) 4

Membership of Regional Economic Communities (RECs):

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. African Union, Chad Country Profiles
  2. Population Data Portal
  3. World Bank - GDP
  4. World Bank - GNI

Critical Sector Strategic Priorities in Education include: 1

  • Improve the quality and relevance of learning at all levels
  • Strengthen the governance of the sector by improving management and coordination
  • Pursue quality universal primary education by expanding basic education to first cycle of secondary education while ensuring the reduction of disparities.

Policy and Strategy References

Interim education plan 

Plan Intérimaire de l’Education au Tchad (PIET) 2018-2020.   Ministère de l'éducation nationale et de la promotion civique; Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur de la recherche et de l'innovation, Chad. (2017).

National inclusive strategy for refugees 

Plan Intérimaire de l’Education au Tchad (PIET) 2018-2020.   Ministère de l'éducation nationale et de la promotion civique; Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur de la recherche et de l'innovation, Chad. (2017).

Interim strategy for education and training

Chad Stratégie intérimaire pour l'éducation et l'alphabétisation 2013-2015. République du Tchad. (2012)

ICT policy

Plan stratégique de développement du numérique et des postes 2020-30. Gouvernement du Tchad

Plan de développement du numérique et des postes 2021-25. Gouvernement du Tchad

Resilience plan

Chad Multi-Year Resilience Programme Chad 2020-2022. Ministry of National Education and Civic Promotion, Chad. (2020)

Non-state actors in Education 

GEMR - Non-State Actors in Education

Future Education Scenario

Future Projections and Strategic Outlook on Education

Orientation Law

Loi n°016/PR/06 du 13 mars 2006 Portant Orientation du Système Educatif Tchadien 

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UNHCR. (2020). Stratégie Éducation 2030 – Tchad. Une stratégie pour une pleine inclusion des réfugiés

Governance Structure for Education: 1

Education System Structure: 1

Education system structure is structured into four main levels: 

  • Preschool: targeted for children aged 3-5 years with a duration of 3 years. Preschool is not mandatory.  
  • Primary: targeted for children aged 6-11 years with duration of 6 years
  • Secondary: divided into two levels. Middle school for ages 12-15years lasting 4 years and secondary education 16-18 years lasting 3 years.  
  • Higher education: also includes vocational training and non-formal education. 

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UNHCR. (2020). Stratégie Éducation 2030 – Tchad. Une stratégie pour une pleine inclusion des réfugiés

School age population: 1

  • Pre-primary: 1,858,794 (2023)
  • Primary: 3,220,373 (2023)
  • Lower secondary: 1,796,496 (2023)
  • Upper secondary: 580,116 (2023)

Gros enrolment ratio: 1

  • Pre-primary: No data found
  • Primary: 90.36% (2022)
  • Lower secondary: 26.40% (2021)
  • Upper secondary: 21.32% (2022)

Completion rate: 2

  • Primary: 33.87% (2023)
  • Lower secondary: 13.11% (2019)
  • Upper secondary: 4.52% (2019)

Out-of-school rate 2

  • Primary: 25.65% (2022)
  • Lower secondary: 58.71% (2021) 
  • Upper secondary: 75.41% (2021)

Additional Resources:

Sources: 

  1. UIS Data
  2. UIS SDG4 Data

 

Proportion of children and young people achieving at least a minimum proficiency level by sex: 1

Reading:

  • In grades 2/3: 34.00% (2019)
  • At the end of primary: 2.30% (2019)
  • At the end of lower secondary: No data found

Mathematics:

  • In grades 2/3: 64.50% (2019)
  • At the end of primary: 0.54% (2019)
  • At the end of lower secondary: No data found

Learning achievement in reading (2019): 2

Early grades:

  • Low Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 65%
  • Minimum Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 34%
  • Medium Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 13%

End of Primary:

  • rlevel1_lowsec, PASEC & MICS, 2019 – PASEC (Overall average): 22%
  • Minimum Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 8%

Learning achievement in mathematics (2019): 2

Early grades:

  • Low proficiency, PASEC & MICS, 2019– PASEC (Overall average): 90%
  • Minimum proficiency, PASEC, 2019 (Overall average): 64%
  • Medium proficiency, PASEC, 2019 (Overall average): 27%

End of primary:

  • Low proficiency, PASEC & MICS, 2019 (Overall average): 12%
  • Minimum proficiency, PASEC, 2019 (Overall average): 2%

Share of children not able to read and understand an age-appropriate text by age 10, adjusted for the out-of-school children: 3 

  • 94% (2022)

Sources:

  1. UIS SDG4 Data
  2. World Inequality Database on Education
  3. World Bank. (2022). Chad learning poverty brief

Percentage of teachers qualified according to the national standards: 1

  • Pre-primary: 100% (2022)
  • Primary: 99.83% (2022)
  • Lower secondary: 97.69% (2022)
  • Upper secondary: 93.25% (2022)

Percentage of teachers trained according to the national standards:

  • Pre-primary: No data found
  • Primary: No data found
  • Lower secondary: No data found
  • Upper secondary: No data found

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UIS SDG4 Data

School infrastructure and facilities: 1

Electricity:

  • Primary Education: 4.09% (2021)
  • Lower Secondary Education: 8.92% (2021)
  • Upper Secondary Education: 12.96% (2021)

Single‐sex basic sanitation facilities:

  • Primary Education: 19.38% (2021)
  • Lower Secondary Education: No data found
  • Upper Secondary Education: No data found

Additional Resources:

  • For more information on coverage of the learning environment, including: basic handwashing facilities, and basic drinking water: UIS Chad Country Profile

Sources: 

  1. UIS SDG4 Data

Participation rate of youth and adults in formal and non-formal education and training in the previous 12 months: 1

15-64 years old:

  • Both sexes: 33.44% (2018)
  • Male: 46.91%
  • Female: 23.17%

15-24 years old:

  • Both sexes: 43.83% (2022)
  • Male: 46.62%
  • Female: 41.22%

Proportion of 15- to 24-year-olds enrolled in vocational education: 1

  • Both sexes: 0.00% (2022)
  • Male: 0.00%
  • Female: 0.00%

Share of youth not in employment, education or training (NEET): 2

  • Both sexes: 37.0% (2018)
  • Male: 24.8%
  • Female: 46.4%

Number of people 15-35 years old: 3

  • Total: 6,748,897 (2024)
  • Employed: 3,502,004 people (51.9%)
  • Unemployed: 48, 592 people (0.7%)
  • Inactive: 2,210,264 people (32.8%)
  • Student: 988, 039 people (14.6%)

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UIS SDG4 Data
  2. ILO
  3. Africa Youth Employment Clock
  4. UIS SDG4 Data
  5. Conseil Africain et Malgache pour l’Enseignement Supérieur (CAMES)

Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education: 1

  • Both sexes: 4.53% (2020)
  • Male: 6.48%
  • Female: 2.55%

Number of Diplomas recognized by CAMES: 2

  • Total: 19

Additional Resources:

  • ADEA Continental Mapping of HESR (upcoming)

Sources:

  1. UIS SDG4 Data
  2. Conseil Africain et Malgache pour l’Enseignement Supérieur (CAMES)

Gender Parity Index (GPI) Gross enrolment ratio: 1

  • Primary: 0.83 (2022)
  • Lower secondary: 0.65 (2021)
  • Upper secondary: 0.54 (2022)

Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) Gross enrolment ratio: 2

  • Tertiary: 22.90 (2021)

Proportion of schools with adapted infrastructure and materials for students with disabilities: 2

  • Primary: 0.00%
  • Lower secondary: No data found
  • Upper secondary: No data found

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UIS Data
  2. UIS SDG4 Data

Expenditure on education: 1

  • Government expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP: 2.29% (2022)
  • Expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure: 10.44% (2022)

Additional Resources: 

Sources: 

  1. UIS SDG4 Data 

Literacy rate by age group: 1

  • 15+ years: 27.28% (2022)
  • 15-24 years: 36.07% (2022)
  • 25-64 years: 22.92% (2022) 
  • 65+ years: 8.42% (2022)

Literacy rate by sex: 1

  • Both sexes: 27.28% (2022)
  • Males: 35.78% (2022)
  • Females: 18.87% (2022)

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UIS SDG4 Data

Proportion of schools with access to internet for pedagogical purposes: 1

  • Lower secondary education: 7.63% (2021)
  • Upper secondary education: 10.81% (2021)

Proportion of secondary schools with access to computers for pedagogical purposes: 1

  • Lower secondary education: 8.38% (2021)
  • Upper secondary education: 11.99% (2021)

Additional Resources:

Sources:

  1. UIS SDG4 Data

Total:

  • Refugees and asylum seekers: 1,221,843 (2024) 1
  • Internally Displaced Persons due to conflict or natural disasters: 538,000 (2023) 2

Sources:

  1. UNHCR Operational Data Portal – UNHCR
  2. Global Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre