Overview of the Country
Background:
- Official name: Republic of Chad 1
- Capital: N'Djamena 1
- Location: Central Africa 1
- Official languages: French and Arabic 1
- National languages: 4 1
- Population: 18,278,568 (2023) 2
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): US$ 13.15 Billion (2023) 3
- GNI per capita, PPP (current international $): 1,940 (2023) 4
Membership of Regional Economic Communities (RECs):
Additional Resources:
Sources:
Education Policy Objectives, Governance, and Structure
Critical Sector Strategic Priorities in Education include: 1
- Improve the quality and relevance of learning at all levels
- Strengthen the governance of the sector by improving management and coordination
- Pursue quality universal primary education by expanding basic education to first cycle of secondary education while ensuring the reduction of disparities.
Governance Structure for Education:
- The Ministry of National Education and Civic Promotion is responsible for formulating policies, managing public education systems, and promoting civic education across the country.
- The Ministry of Higher Education: mission is to oversee higher education institutions, research initiatives, and foster innovation within the higher education sector.
- The Ministry of Vocational Training and Small Trades is responsible for vocational training and the development of small trades, ensuring the workforce is equipped with the necessary skills for the job market.
Education System Structure: 1
Education system structure is structured into four main levels:
- Preschool: targeted for children aged 3-5 years with a duration of 3 years. Preschool is not mandatory.
- Primary: targeted for children aged 6-11 years with duration of 6 years
- Secondary: divided into two levels. Middle school for ages 12-15years lasting 4 years and secondary education 16-18 years lasting 3 years.
- Higher education: also includes vocational training and non-formal education.
Additional Resources:
Sources:
Access and Participation
School age population: 1
- Pre-primary: 1,858,794 (2023)
- Primary: 3,220,373 (2023)
- Lower secondary: 1,796,496 (2023)
- Upper secondary: 580,116 (2023)
Gros enrolment ratio: 1
- Pre-primary: No data found
- Primary: 90.36% (2022)
- Lower secondary: 26.40% (2021)
- Upper secondary: 21.32% (2022)
Completion rate: 2
- Primary: 33.87% (2023)
- Lower secondary: 13.11% (2019)
- Upper secondary: 4.52% (2019)
Out-of-school rate 2
- Primary: 25.65% (2022)
- Lower secondary: 58.71% (2021)
- Upper secondary: 75.41% (2021)
Additional Resources:
Sources:
Learning Outcomes
Proportion of children and young people achieving at least a minimum proficiency level by sex: 1
Reading:
- In grades 2/3: 34.00% (2019)
- At the end of primary: 2.30% (2019)
- At the end of lower secondary: No data found
Mathematics:
- In grades 2/3: 64.50% (2019)
- At the end of primary: 0.54% (2019)
- At the end of lower secondary: No data found
Learning achievement in reading (2019): 2
Early grades:
- Low Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 65%
- Minimum Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 34%
- Medium Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 13%
End of Primary:
- rlevel1_lowsec, PASEC & MICS, 2019 – PASEC (Overall average): 22%
- Minimum Proficiency – PASEC (Overall average): 8%
Learning achievement in mathematics (2019): 2
Early grades:
- Low proficiency, PASEC & MICS, 2019– PASEC (Overall average): 90%
- Minimum proficiency, PASEC, 2019 (Overall average): 64%
- Medium proficiency, PASEC, 2019 (Overall average): 27%
End of primary:
- Low proficiency, PASEC & MICS, 2019 (Overall average): 12%
- Minimum proficiency, PASEC, 2019 (Overall average): 2%
Share of children not able to read and understand an age-appropriate text by age 10, adjusted for the out-of-school children: 3
- 94% (2022)
Sources:
Teaching
Percentage of teachers qualified according to the national standards: 1
- Pre-primary: 100% (2022)
- Primary: 99.83% (2022)
- Lower secondary: 97.69% (2022)
- Upper secondary: 93.25% (2022)
Percentage of teachers trained according to the national standards:
- Pre-primary: No data found
- Primary: No data found
- Lower secondary: No data found
- Upper secondary: No data found
Additional Resources:
- UNESCO –IICBA Chad Education Country Brief
- Ressources éducatives diverses notamment pour les enseignants
Sources:
School Facilities
School infrastructure and facilities: 1
Electricity:
- Primary Education: 4.09% (2021)
- Lower Secondary Education: 8.92% (2021)
- Upper Secondary Education: 12.96% (2021)
Single‐sex basic sanitation facilities:
- Primary Education: 19.38% (2021)
- Lower Secondary Education: No data found
- Upper Secondary Education: No data found
Additional Resources:
- For more information on coverage of the learning environment, including: basic handwashing facilities, and basic drinking water: UIS Chad Country Profile
Sources:
Technical and Vocational Education and Training, and Higher Education
Participation rate of youth and adults in formal and non-formal education and training in the previous 12 months: 1
15-64 years old:
- Both sexes: 33.44% (2018)
- Male: 46.91%
- Female: 23.17%
15-24 years old:
- Both sexes: 43.83% (2022)
- Male: 46.62%
- Female: 41.22%
Proportion of 15- to 24-year-olds enrolled in vocational education: 1
- Both sexes: 0.00% (2022)
- Male: 0.00%
- Female: 0.00%
Share of youth not in employment, education or training (NEET): 2
- Both sexes: 37.0% (2018)
- Male: 24.8%
- Female: 46.4%
Number of people 15-35 years old: 3
- Total: 6,748,897 (2024)
- Employed: 3,502,004 people (51.9%)
- Unemployed: 48, 592 people (0.7%)
- Inactive: 2,210,264 people (32.8%)
- Student: 988, 039 people (14.6%)
Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education: 4
- Both sexes: 4.53% (2020)
- Male: 6.48%
- Female: 2.55%
Number of Diplomas recognized by CAMES: 5
- Total: 19
Additional Resources:
- UNEVOC TVET Country Profile
- ADEA Continental Mapping of HESR (upcoming)
Sources:
Equity and Inclusion
Gender Parity Index (GPI) Gross enrolment ratio: 1
- Primary: 0.83 (2022)
- Lower secondary: 0.65 (2021)
- Upper secondary: 0.54 (2022)
Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) Gross enrolment ratio: 2
- Tertiary: 22.90 (2021)
Proportion of schools with adapted infrastructure and materials for students with disabilities: 2
- Primary: 0.00%
- Lower secondary: No data found
- Upper secondary: No data found
Additional Resources:
- Forum for African Women Educationalists (FAWE) Chapter
- Evidence for Gender and Education Resource (EGER) Profile
Sources:
Education Financing
Expenditure on education: 1
- Government expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP: 2.29% (2022)
- Expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure: 10.44% (2022)
Additional Resources:
- République du Tchad (2022). Rapport sur le projet de loi de finance 2023
- GEMR Financing for Equity Profile
Sources:
Literacy
Literacy rate by age group: 1
- 15+ years: 27.28% (2022)
- 15-24 years: 36.07% (2022)
- 25-64 years: 22.92% (2022)
- 65+ years: 8.42% (2022)
Literacy rate by sex: 1
- Both sexes: 27.28% (2022)
- Males: 35.78% (2022)
- Females: 18.87% (2022)
Additional Resources:
Sources:
Educational Technology
Proportion of schools with access to internet for pedagogical purposes: 1
- Lower secondary education: 7.63% (2021)
- Upper secondary education: 10.81% (2021)
Proportion of secondary schools with access to computers for pedagogical purposes: 1
- Lower secondary education: 8.38% (2021)
- Upper secondary education: 11.99% (2021)
Additional Resources:
- ADEA ICT4E Chad Country Report (upcoming)
- GEMR - Education Technology Profile
Sources:
Education in Emergencies (EiE)
Total:
- Refugees and asylum seekers: 1,221,843 (2024) 1
- Internally Displaced Persons due to conflict or natural disasters: 538,000 (2023) 2
Sources:
Education Policy Framework and Key Documents
Education Sector Plan:
Related strategic documents:
- UNHCR. (2020). Stratégie Éducation 2030 – Tchad. Une stratégie pour une pleine inclusion des réfugiés
- République du Tchad. (2012). Stratégie intérimaire pour l’éducation et la formation 2013-2015
- Décret portant organisation de l'enseignement de la langue arabe dans les ordres du premier et du deuxième degré de l'enseignement public (1962)
National Commitment Statement:
- No data found
Early Childhood Education Policy:
- No data found
National Teacher’s Standards:
The National Credit and Qualifications Framework:
Higher Education Accreditation body:
National inclusive policy:
Gender Policy:
- Evidence for Gender and Education Resource (EGER) Profile
- The African Union International Centre for the Education of Girls and Women in Africa (AU/CIEFFA)
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) policy:
- No data found
Youth policy:
ICT Country Profile:
- ADEA ICT4E Chad Country Profile (upcoming)
- GEMR – Technology Country Profile